Medical Biochemistry at a glance

Medical Biochemistry at a glance, Książki medyczne

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//-->DedicationIn memory of Gordon Hartman (1936–2004), friend and colleague whose enthusiasm andencyclopaedic knowledge were an asset to all who knew him.UDPa(1Æ4) glucoseoligosaccharide(n +1 residues)a(1Æ4) glucoseoligosaccharide primer(n residues)NADP+NADPH+H+H2ONADP+NADPH+H+CO2Regulatory enzymeglycogenPiglucose6-phosphate6-phosphoglucono-d-lactone6-phosphogluconate2 Piuridine diphosphateglucosePPiUTPfructose6-phosphatePentose phosphate pathway(hexose monophosphate shunt)erythrose4-phosphatesedoheptulose7-phosphateglycogen(n–1 residues)aÆglucose1-phosphatephenylalanineO2tetrahydrobiopterinNADP+glucoseATPPiADPglucose6-phosphatefructose6-phosphateglyceraldehyde3-phosphateH2OdihydrobiopterinNADPH+H+fructose6-phosphatePiATPH2OtyrosineL-DOPACO2Piglyceraldehyde3-phosphateacetoacetyl ACPNADPH+H+NADP+bEndoplasmic reticulumH2OADPD-3-hydroxybutyryl ACPdopamineO2H2Ofructose1,6-bisphosphateacetyl CoAcysteine–SHgroup ofcondensingenzymebH2Oenoyl ACPNADPH+H+NADP+noradrenalinea-ketoglutaratedihydroxyacetonephosphateglyceraldehyde3-phosphateNAD+Piacyl ACPacetoacetyl ACPC4bS-adenosyl-methionineCytosolglycineserinecysteinealaninea-ketoglutarateglutamateGlycolysisC6bCO2CoASHglutamateS-adenosyl-homocysteineNADH+H+1,3-bisphosphoglycerateADPCoASHadrenalineCO2ATPcholesterolmany intermediatesmalonyl ACPCoASH3-phosphoglyceratemevalonateNADP+acyl carrier protein4-hydroxyphenylpyruvateO2CO2malonyl CoAa-ketoglutarateglutamatepyruvateoxaloacetateNADH+H+GTPGDP CO2NAD+ NADH+H+2-phosphoglyceratemalonyl CoAhomogentisateO2H2O4-maleylacetoacetatefumarylacetoacetateH2OaspartateNAD+phosphoenolpyruvateADPhydroxymethylglutaryl CoA(HMGCoA)NADPH+H++H +ADP+PiHCO3–+ATPacetoacetyl CoAATPNADPH+H+NADP+acetyl CoAADP+PiCoASH2 PifumarateacetoacetatemalatelactatepyruvateCO2malateNADH+H+oxaloacetateNAD+ATPH2OCoASHpalmitoyl Co Aoxidised byextrahepatictissuesATPCoASHNAD+palmitoylcarnitinecitrateC14FADH2NADH+H+CoASHATPhistidine4H+FOH+PiH+PiATPF13H+NAD+ADP+PiHCO3–CO2NADH+H+b-OxidationFADH2NADH+H+acetyl CoAcitrateH2OCoASHH2O(8) acetyl CoAacetoacetyl CoAacetyl CoAH2OC12FADH2NADH+H+C10malateoxaloacetateNADH+H+CoASHhydroxymethylglutaryl CoA(HMGCoA)C8urocanate6H+2H+ComplexADP2H+H2OFADH2NADH+H+folatecycle4-imidazolone-5-propionate24H+CComplex1–O22H2O[cis-aconitate]C6acetyl CoAFADH2NADH+H+4H+fumarateKrebs cycleCO2H2OisocitrateNAD+NADH+H+acetoacetate“Ketonebodies"NADH+H+NAD+C4FADH2NADH+H+N5,N10-methenyl-THFNH4+QFIGLUFADH2FADacetoacetyl CoACoASHTHFComplexa3-hydroxybutyratesuccinatesuccinyl CoACoASHNAD+a-ketoglutarateNH4+CO2Ketogenesis+4H+ComplexN5-formimino -THFglutamateATP+NADH+HgNADPNAD++NADPH+H+NADH+Hglutamate4H+NAD+–O2ADP12F12H+H2OPiH+FOComplexmyristoyl CoA(C14)MitochondrionInner membraneIntermembranespaceOuter membraneGTPGDPPiH+NADH+H+CoASHATPComplexQADP+Piglutamateg-semialdehydeGTPADPGDP PiH+4H+4H+C2H+10H+PiH+4H+ATPRespiratory chainATP(P 5-C)FADH2FADNADPH+HNADP++prolineornithinetryptophanribulose5-phosphateNADPH+H+NADP+folateribose 5-phosphateATPAMPH2Obicarbonateglutamine2ATP2ADP+PiglutamateN-formylkynurenineDHF(dihydrofolate)NADPH+H+NADP+PRPPribulosephosphate3-epimeraseribose5-phosphateisomerasexanthurenate(yellow)kynurenineformateglutamineglutamateglutamine-PRPPamidotransferasecarbamoylphosphatesynthetase II3-hydroxykynurenine(tetrahydrofolate)ATPADP+PiTHFb-5-phosphoribosylamineglycineATPcarbamoyl phosphateaspartatecarbamoyl aspartatexylulose5-phosphateribose5-phosphatealanine3-hydroxyanthranilate2-amino-3-carboxymuconatesemialdehyde(thiamine PP)transketolaseFolatecycleADP+Piglycinamideribonucleotide (GAR)H2ON10-formyl THFN10-formyl THFTHFdihydroorotateFMNFMNH2NAD+ andNADP+synthesisH2O2-aminomuconatesemialdehyde2-aminomuconateNH4+N5,N10-methenyl THFNADPH+H+NADP+510NADPH+H+NADP+formylglycinamideribonucleotide (FGAR)H2OglutamineATPglutamatePPiADP+PiorotateN,N--methylene THFFatty acid synthesisa-ketoadipateformylglycinamidineribonucleotide (FGAM)ATPADP+PiOMP(orotidine monophosphate)CO2N5-methyl THFN5-methyl THFAIRCO2UMP(uridine monophosphate)UDPUTPCDPdCDPdCMPTHFTHFpalmitoyl ACPvitamin B12homocysteinemethyltransferaseCAIRaspartateATPADP+PimethionineUTPSAICARfumarateC8C10C12C14C16H2Othio-esterasehomocysteineacylcarrierproteinSAMCO2CoASHCO2CoASHCO2CoASHCO2CoASHCO2CoASHpalmitateglycerol3-phosphate–CH3ylmethMethioninesalvagepathwaySAMmethyltransferaseAICARN10-formylTHFFAICARN5,N10-methenyl THFDHFdUMP(S-adenosylmethionine)esterificationtripalmitin(triacylglycerol)3 H2Omethyl grouptransferred toacceptorH2OUTPIMPdTMPS-adenosylhomocysteineGDPADPADPdTDPglycerol kinase(not in whiteadipose tissue)ATPhomocysteinelysinesaccharopine2 aminoadipatesemialdehyde2-aminoadipateamino-transferasethreoninecysteinevitamin B6CTP UTPGTP ATP dGTP dATP dTTP dCTPhormonelypolysis(adipose tissue)sensitive lipaseglycinecystathionineglycerolCoASH(3) palmitatehomoserineisoleucinea-keto-b-methylvalerateRNAvalineaminotransferaseleucineDNApyrophosphatasePPi+AMPATPaminotransferaseaminotransferaselong chain acyl CoA synthetaseouter CPTa-ketobutyratea-ketoadipatea-ketoisovaleratea-ketoisocaproatecarnitineinner CPTCoASHNAD+dehydrogenasecarnitineshuttleCoASHNAD+carnitineshuttleNAD+CoASHNAD+carnitineshuttleCoASHNAD+dehydrogenaseCO2NADH+H+CoASHpalmitoyl CoA (C16)FADdehydrogenaseCO2NADH+H+dehydrogenaseCO2NADH+H+CO2dehydrogenaseNADH+H+CO2NADH+H+propionyl CoAglutaryl CoAa-methylbutyrylCoAisobutyryl CoAisovaleryl CoAacyl CoAdehydrogenaseFADH2THFCO2trans-D2-enoyl CoAH2Oacetyl CoAacetyl CoAcitrullineCoASHenoyl CoAhydrataseL-3-hydroxyacyl CoANAD+N,N-methylene THFHCO3–510methylmalonatesemialdehydepropionyl CoAL-3-hydroxyacyl CoAdehydrogenaseNADH+H+Piornithinetranscarbamoylase2ATP2ADP+Pi3-ketoacyl CoANH4 +carbamoylphosphatesynthetase IcarbamoylphosphateUreacycleOdd numberedfatty acidsD-methylmalonyl CoAacetylCoAacetyl CoAL-methylmalonyl CoAacetoacetatemutaseVitamin B12CoASHthiolaseacetyl CoAaspartateATPAMP+PPisuccinylCoAsynthetaseargininosuccinatelyasefumarateargininearginaseornithineurea [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]

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